Power Competition in The Arctic Region: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

As a result of climate change, the polar ice at the North Pole is rapidly vanishing, which has far-reaching consequences for the strategic terrain of the region. Russia, China, and the United States (US) have elevated their efforts in response to the prospects of economic expansion and escalating security rivalries. Exploring the strategic interests and opportunities of these three Arctic nations, this research paper employs a qualitative methodology to investigate the shifting geopolitics of the region using a structural realist framework. The research illuminates the geo -political and strategic ramifications of geo -economics in the region, as well as the inter-state rivalries among these nations that have precipitated increasing apprehensions and policy changes. The paper illustrates how Russia adopts a realist stance, China adopts a developmental stance to expand its influence, and the US strives to increase its power in the region to counterbalance the influence of China and Russia. Furthermore, the paper elucidates the correlation between the offensive-defensive balance and security dilemma stemming from the neo-realistic conduct of these states and the interplay of regional interests.