China – ASEAN Relations in the 21st Century: Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

Over the last few decades, there has been considerable progress in the development of relations between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). There are many factors that have contributed to the closer relationship between ASEAN and China; one of which is the change in China's foreign policy. However, China and ASEAN must also be prepared for challenges that may impact their relationship. For instance, the possible impact of the South China Sea dispute (SCS), transnational criminal activities, social and economic inequalities and climate change are issues of concern. Several analysts anticipate that a confrontation over the unresolved SCS issue could start in the near future. Especially, considering that in recent years, there has been frequent tensions not only involving China and some ASEAN countries, but also with the United States. On July 13 of this year, China and ASEAN came to an agreement on new principles to speed up negotiations for a legally enforceable code of conduct (COC) on the SCS, despite the discontent around the on-going issue in the region. Therefore, this study examines the problems and opportunities that China and the ASEAN nations may face in the 21st century. One thing that needs to be underlined is that there is a strong desire from China and ASEAN to continue to cooperate to achieve mutual prosperity and maintain stability and peace in the region, as written by both parties in the agreements they have signed.