The Resurgence of Islamic State Khorasan (IS-K) in Afghanistan and the Taliban's Regime Survival Dilemma

Abstract

This article explores why the Taliban remain unwilling to moderate and establish an inclusive democratic government in Afghanistan. It also explores why the Taliban are hesitant to sever relations with or undertake counterterrorist operations against Islamist jihadist groups such as the TTP and Al-Qaeda. It argues that the Taliban's rivalry with IS- K is the major factor preventing the Taliban from moderating and establishing an all- inclusive democratic government in Afghanistan and severing relations with other Islamist jihadist groups. The Taliban are concerned that if they embrace moderation, the hardline factions and fighters from the group may leave the Taliban and join the IS-K, which poses an existential threat to the IEA 2.0. Similarly, acting against various jihadist groups in Afghanistan may compromise the Taliban's authentic and pious image in the Islamic community and the jihadist world, potentially turning these groups against the Taliban and leading to the collapse of IEA 2.0. This paper employs qualitative research methods involving interpretive content analysis. Due to the topic’s evolving nature, it primarily relies on a diverse range of data, including national and international newspaper stories, public speeches and media statements from the Taliban leaders, journal articles, blogs, and social media content.